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管壁内置式波纹穿孔消声器声学性能研究

Acoustic performance of a built-in corrugated perforated muffler

  • 摘要: 大流量高压比增压器具有更高的压缩比和更大的体积流量,导致压气机排出的压缩空气能量大幅增加,在压气机出口产生具有高频宽带特点的排气噪声。为提升消声效果与气流效率,文章设计了一种内置式波纹穿孔消声器,该消声器结合了波纹管与穿孔板的消声原理,具有结构紧凑、空间占用小、流通截面大的特点,适用于高速气流管道,气流压力损失小,消声性能良好。采用有限元法结合二维轴对称结构声耦合模型分析消声器内部声场,基于双负载法构建试验台架以测量波纹管声学性能。文章分析了波纹管结构参数对消声器传递损失的影响。结果表明,各参数影响的主次顺序依次为:穿孔板穿孔率、波纹宽度、波纹间隔、波纹高度。

     

    Abstract: Turbochargers with high flow rates and high pressure ratios exhibit increased compression ratios and larger volumetric flow rates, resulting in a significant boost in the energy of compressed air discharged by the compressor, which generates exhaust noise characterized by high-frequency broadband features at the compressor outlet. To enhance both noise reduction effectiveness and airflow efficiency comprehensively, this paper introduces an innovative design of an inline corrugated perforated muffler. This muffler integrates the noise reduction principles of corrugated tubes and perforated plates, featuring a compact structure with small space occupation and a large flow cross-section. It is suitable for high-speed airflow pipes, with low airflow pressure loss and excellent noise reduction. The internal sound field of the muffler is analyzed using the finite element method combined with a two-dimensional axisymmetric structure-acoustic coupling model. An experimental setup is constructed based on the dual-load method to measure the acoustic performance of the corrugated tube. The analysis of the impact of corrugated tube structural parameters on the muffler's transmission loss reveals the order of primary and secondary factors as follows: perforation rate of the perforated plate、corrugation width、corrugation spacing、corrugation height.

     

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