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反蛙人声呐的相控波束稳定

Phase controlled beam stabilization for diver detection sonar

  • 摘要: 吊放式反蛙人声呐的水下姿态不稳定性对设备性能带来不利影响,声呐湿端姿态倾斜会使各波束主瓣平面偏离水平面,导致水平面内的发射声波强度损失以及海底、海面混响反射强度的增加,姿态旋转则会造成声呐接收方位失真。文章在推导给出湿端陀螺坐标系与大地坐标系之间姿态变换关系的基础上,基于大地坐标系内的姿态和横滚角,以相控俯仰实现导引方位上的发射波束稳定,在纵倾6°情况下,于波束导引方位可获得2.7 dB的波束稳定增益;以湿端横滚角补偿进行接收波束的方位修正,弥补陀螺航向角修正的精度误差,在纵倾6°情况下,能克服最大0.56°的方位修正误差;将仿真结果和有关试验数据进行了分析比较,验证了相控波束稳定方法的工程可行性。

     

    Abstract: Performance of dipping diver detection sonar is affected by sonar head swing. The inclined transmitting beam can change the acoustic wave grazing angle to seabed and increases the scattering strength of boundary reverberation. The rotation of dipping sonar head can confuse directions of the receiving wave. In this paper, the transformation matrix between geodetic coordinates and dipping sonar head coordinates is given. By controlling the phase of beam-performer, the main lobe of transmitting beam can be stable in the horizontal steering direction, and in the case of 6° inclined angle, the simulator obtains approximately 2.7 dB gain of transmitting beam in the direction of steady steering. The orientation error of receiving beam is compensated by the rolling angle of sonar head in the geodetic coordinate, which can improve the azimuth precision to 0.56° while the sonar head is under inclining and rotating status. Simulation results are matched with trial data. The method is proved to be feasible in the design of diver detection sonar.

     

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