Abstract: Acoustic black hole (ABH) is capable of gathering sound waves. By pasting a damping layer on ABH to dissipate the energy it gathered before, the structural vibration and sound wave transmission of the composite sound insulation structure with ABH can be effectively reduced. For the noise in mid and low frequency bands, a composite sound insulation structure with ABH is designed and the calculation model of its sound transmission loss (STL) is established. The effects of ABH parameters, such as number and radius of black holes and adhesive elastic damping layer, on sound insulation performances are studied. The result shows that the sound insulation performance of the ABH based composite sound insulation structure is significantly improved in the range of 160-1 000 Hz, with an average STL improvement of 1.9 dB compared with the normal composite sound insulation structure. The result in this paper provides a reference for the design of composite sound insulation structures.